Abstract
The Delmarva Region of the United States has a high density of broilers per hectare of geographical area and a high groundwater table. The annual cost for this region for Salmonella positive farms has been projected to be $0.0081/kg of live weight or approximately $6 million (Bender and Mallinson, 1991). Available water has been found to strongly influence the presence of Salmonella. Salmonella positive litters had Aw values > 0.90 in most cases and were associated with earthen floors. Houses with concrete (n = 2) or wooden floors (n = 1) generally had Aw values < 0.90 and were almost always Salmonella negative. Flocks on relatively new shavings litter (Aw = 0.97) were usually positive for Salmonella. These results are consistent with previous research that shows litter water activity (Aw) and moisture content (m.c.) are not always linear in response, suggesting that it is possible to have low Aw values and high litter m.c. and vice versa. Plots of elevations of floors of earthen floor houses were used to identify potential environmental trouble spots.
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