Abstract
Following studies demonstrating a significant effect of cavity diameter on the cytotoxicity of several dental materials and a preliminary study showing an effect of volume with one of two materials tested, a major study of the influence of volume on dental material cytotoxicity was undertaken. This was performed in vitro using the model cavity system, which is designed to simulate as closely as an in vitro system is able, the clinical situation. Toxicity was assessed using three different volumes of each material and results compared with control cultures of BHK-21 fibroblasts. However, of 12 materials tested only one demonstrated a significant volume effect and one a trend towards greater toxicity with increasing volume. The results presented in this study suggest that the overall volume of dental materials has little influence on their resulting toxicity. Volume, therefore, is an unnecessary criteria to examine when studying the in vitro toxicity of dental materials.
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