Abstract
Postpartum depression is considered a childbirth-related mood disorder and starts between the first day and four months after delivery. Its clinical manifestation includes extreme sadness, pleasure loss, sleep disturbances, guilt feelings and worthlessness, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts. Maternal depression can impair the baby's behavioral, emotional, and cognitive development. Vitamin D is considered a steroid hormone derived from cholesterol, with endogenous synthesis after sun exposure, and can be found through food sources such as fish and egg yolks. Low serum 25-Hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D) are linked to several diseases: osteopenia; mood disorder; cardiovascular diseases; premenstrual syndrome; major depressive disorder; cancer; autoimmune disorders; pre-eclampsia; seasonal affective disorder; and postpartum depression. Studies have shown that low levels of 25-OH-D can be related to symptoms of postpartum depression, whose symptoms of depression are obtained through validated questionnaires. This review paper aimed to establish the relationship between low vitamin D levels and postpartum depression symptoms. A search for review articles published between 2016 and 2021 was performed. The articles analyzed show that low vitamin D levels are related to postpartum depression symptoms. More research is needed to track vitamin D levels during pregnancy to prevent and/or reduce postpartum depression.
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