The influence of traditional and bioadaptive fertilizer systems on energy efficiency of sugar beet cultivation

Abstract

Purpose. To study the effect of mineral fertilizers, alternative organic fertilizers and intensification of fertilizer system on the energy efficiency of sugar beet growing technology.Methods. Field, analytical and statistical.Results. The results of studies on the influence of mineral and alternative with elements of intensification organic-mineral fertilizer systems on the energy efficiency of sugar beet cultivation under conditions of unstable moistening on the medium-loam leached black soil are presented. It was found that the combined application of mineral fertilizers, winter wheat straw and intensification elements (microfertilizers and growth regulator) provided the maximum energy capacity of sugar beet yield and was accompanied by a decrease in energy efficiency (Kee).Conclusions. The Romul hybrid has been found to be more energy efficient than the Zluka hybrid for growing both on a natural fertility background and for applying fertilizers. The maximum coefficient of energy efficiency was obtained in the control without fertilizers: for the Romul hybrid – 6.8, Zluka – 6.4. The application of 5 t/ha of straw + N50 maintained the high energy efficiency of agricultural technology: Kee decreased slightly by 0.1–0.2 compared to control without fertilize. The application of mineral fertilizers significantly increased the energy capacity of the sugar beet crop, but reduced the energy efficiency of agricultural technology. For fertilizer doses of N100Р100K100, the energy capacity of the crop compared to the control without fertilizers increased for the Romul hybrid – by 104 GJ/ha, Zluka – by 102 GJ/ha, by absolute values of 297 and 275 GJ/ha, and was accompanied by a decrease in the energy efficiency coefficient by 1.5–1.6. The application of chelate microfertilizer Maximus and growth regulator “NanoMineralis” to the foliar feeding was determined to be an effective measure of increasing energy efficiency of sugar beets growing on mineral and organic-mineral fertilizer backgrounds. The highest energy efficiency was achieved with applying N100Р100K100 + Maximus + "NanoMineralis" for the Romulus agrocenosis: yield energy – 319 GJ/ha, energy consumption – 59.3 GJ/ha, Kee – 5.6.