The Influence of Time Delays on Decentralized Economic Dispatch by Using Incremental Cost Consensus Algorithm

Abstract

In a smart grid, robust energy management algorithms should have the ability to operate correctly in the presence of unreliable communication capabilities, and often in the absence of a central control mechanism. Effective distributed control algorithms could be embedded in distributed controllers to properly allocate electrical power among connected buses autonomously. By selecting the incremental cost of each generation unit as the consensus variable, the incremental cost consensus (ICC) algorithm is able to solve the conventional centralized economic dispatch problem (EDP) in a distributed manner. However, the communication time-delay may cause instability of the system and should be considered during the design process. The mathematical formulation of the ICC algorithm with time-delay is presented in this chapter. Several case studies are also presented to show the system characteristics of the ICC algorithm with time-delay.