The influence of the self-isolation regime on the prevalence of infectious diseases in children living in urban and rural areas

Abstract

Relevance: Infectious diseases are one of the most pressing problems in pediatrics, in particular the COVID-19 pandemic has had a huge impact on society and health.Purpose of the work: to analyze the frequency of infectious diseases in children of the Udmurt Republic during a pandemic of a new coronavirus infection using the example of rural and urban areas.Materials and methods: a statistical analysis of the official medical documentation (form No. 12) of the Udmurt Republic «Mozhginskaya regional hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Udmurt Republic» and the Budgetary Establishment of Health of the Udmurt Republic Alnash District Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Udmurt Republic for 2019—2020 for children with infectious diseases up to 14 years old inclusive was carried out.Result: the incidence of infectious diseases decreased: in Mozhga it decreased by one third (33%) compared to the previous year (13889 and 9318 cases); in Al-nash experienced a more significant reduction in 2 times (3618 and 1513 cases, respectively). The rate of decline in Mozhga was 33%. The maximum values are traced among the following nosologies: influenza, viral hepatitis, meningococcal infections (the rate of decline was 100%). In Alnash, the rate of decline was 58%, the highest rates were in laryngitis and tracheitis (the rate of decline was 73%). The downward trend in infectious pathology during a pandemic is similar in urban and rural areas.Conclusion: restrictive measures against COVID-19 contributed to a decrease in the incidence of infectious pathology, which is more transmitted by airborne droplets, but also spread by fecal-oral and contact-household routes. Studying the characteristics of the incidence of infectious diseases during the period of self-isolation can help doctors control the level of morbidity in the future.