Abstract
Golfers aim to hit the golf ball correctly and maximize its displacement. It is necessary to predict shaft movement during a golf swing via simulation in order to determine the appropriate shaft for each individual golfer’s swing. Our previous study simulating golf club movement during the golf swing demonstrated 3D club movement via a finite element method simulation model with shaft flexibility. In this study, we added torque, taking into account the combination of grip acceleration and club head centroid, to the simulation model. In order to determine the influence of the torque, we then compared the measured and simulated results of shaft deflection and club head kinematics [HS (club head speed), Path (path angle), AA (attack angle), and FA (face angle)]. There was no significant torque influence for HS, AA, or shaft deflection. However, the Path and FA simulations were close to the measured values.
Highlights
The characteristics of drivers are especially important to golfers in order to correctly hit the golf ball and maximize its displacement
We considered the influence of grip acceleration on the club head
Club shaft deflection was not influenced by the Head-torque generated by grip acceleration
Summary
The characteristics of drivers are especially important to golfers in order to correctly hit the golf ball and maximize its displacement. Several studies have reported the influence of golf shaft stiffness on club head kinematics experimentally [1,2]. Most studies on the prediction of golf club movement during the swing have used either multibody dynamics [3,4] or a finite element method (FEM) golf club model [5]. Our previous study simulating golf club movement during the golf swing demonstrated 3D club movement via a FEM simulation model with shaft flexibility [6,7]. The influence of grip acceleration on the club head during the golf swing was not investigated with this simulation model. In this study, we added torque, taking into account the combination of grip acceleration and club head centroid, to the simulation model and investigated its influence
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