Abstract
The modern nanotechnology techniques allow receiving advanced composites of silicate matrix of thermal-moisture hardening the low-power technology today. A distinctive feature of geopolymer aerated composites is that their properties according to the basic physical and mechanical parameters exceed of the properties of the silicate matrix. Due to the implementation of a complex activation of highly mobile silicate concrete mixture, that is one of the technological features to obtain this type of composites, energy-saving modes of preparation were provided. The composites and products based on them are characterized by low density at high values of strength, water and crack resistance and heat capacity. The technological features of obtaining effective aerated composites on silica matrix of thermal-moisture hardening set out. The comparative analysis of the influence of the tripoli specific surface to the structuring of silicate matrix properties and porous composites modified of alkali containing additives were carried out. Based on this analysis the mechanism of formation of silicate matrix structure and properties was grounded and proposed. It is shown that the tripoli particles promoted “physical” seal structure of silicate matrix and the formation of capillaries’ discontinuous structure, by means of their own micro-porosity.
Highlights
The silicate materials are produced by energy-intensive autoclave technology
The modern nanotechnology processes allow today to receive progressive composites on the silicate matrix of thermal-moisture hardening according to the low-power technology
Maximum strength is greater than 18 MPa, it is obtained for compositions which are contain 5% of liquid glass, 0.5% alkali, and 4% gypsum, Ssp=400 m2/kg of tripoli, the same strength of the silicate matrix is obtained on tripoli with Ssp = 500 m2/kg
Summary
The silicate materials are produced by energy-intensive autoclave technology. Extensive researches of the activation of dispersed particles show the positive effects to the properties of various types of defects, dislocations, etc It is thermodynamically unstable contacts which can have high strength. Mechanochemical activation is carried out to the special properties of the newly formed surfaces, especially changing the local chemical and phase content of solids, as well as their aggregate state of under the influence of mechanical effects of high intensity [5]. As nanotechnology reception the mechanochemical activation reduces the viscosity of 3 or more dispersed system containing lime [4, 6] This effect of viscosity reducing was used to compensate the increased water demand of the mixture introducing the composite porous opal-cristobalite rocks and using the activation of the binder together with the fine aggregate. The low-temperature aeration of concrete during introduction of the activation to the mixture for the silicate matrix by liquid glass additives Na2O·nSiO2+mH2O and sodium hydroxide NaOH was provided
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