THE INFLUENCE OF THE CAUSES OF INTENTIONALLY SELF-INFLICTED INJURIES IN THE REGIONS OF BRAZIL IN 2015 AND 2020

Abstract

Suicide is a growing public health issue in Brazil, with patterns and causes of self-inflicted injuries varying between regions and local cultures. This study analyzes the causes of self-inflicted injuries in the 27 federal units of Brazil in 2015 and 2020. Using data from DATASUS, variables of intentional self-harm injuries were identified, classified in the ICD-10 group. Analyses were conducted using the NeatMap and Psych packages, generating heatmaps and tables that allow visualization of the distribution and intensity of cases over the years. The results indicate an increase in suicides in 2020 compared to 2015, influenced by the pandemic period, during which many cases were not reported, yet there was still an increase. Hanging was the most common method in both years, reflecting the easy accessibility of this means in everyday life. States like São Paulo, Minas Gerais, and Rio Grande do Sul showed a higher association with the studied variables, indicating regional concern that demands specific public policies. Rio de Janeiro stood out with a significant increase in injuries related to cliffs and high places in 2020, due to specific geographical and cultural factors of the state. These injuries are associated with easy access to elevated areas and exacerbated social and economic pressure during the pandemic. It is concluded that patterns of self-inflicted injuries remained consistent, with some significant regional variations. These results are crucial for associating regions and causes of self-inflicted injuries, assisting in the development of future preventive measures, such as psychological support programs and specific community interventions for each region.