The Influence of the Adiponectin Gene Polymorphism SNP(276) on Adiponectin in Response to Exercise Training

Abstract

PURPOSE: Adiponectin is an adipocytokine that is involved in insulin sensitivity. The adiponectin gene contains a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at position 276(G/T). The GG genotype of SNP276(G/T) is associated with lower plasma adiponectin levels and a higher insulin resistance index. Therefore, we examined the influence of SNP276(G/T) on the plasma level of adiponectin in response to exercise training. METHODS: Thirty healthy Japanese (M12/F18; 56 to 79 years old) performed both resistance and endurance training, 5 times a week for 6 months. The rate of work per kg of weight at double-product break-point (DPBP) was measured and Blood samples were obtained before and after the experiment. Plasma concentrations of adiponectin, HbA1c, insulin, glucose, total-, high-density lipoprotein (HDL-), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-) cholesterol, and triglyceride were measured. Genotypes of SNP276 were specified. Student's t test for paired values and unpaired values was used. RESULTS: After the 6-month training period, the rate of work per kg of weight at DPBP and the plasma HDL-cholesterol level were significantly improved (P<0.05), while no change was observed in the total plasma adiponectin level. However, the plasma adiponectin level in those with the GT+TT genotype had significantly increased (P<0.05). Additionally, the degree of the decrease in the HOMA-R level was significantly greater in the subjects with the GT+TT genotype than those with the GG genotype (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that subjects with the genotype GT+TT at SNP276(G/T) have a greater adiponectin-related response to exercise training than those with the GG genotype.