Abstract
This paper reports on hardness, tensile properties and notch impact bending toughness values of an Fe20Cr4.5Al oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloy specifically processed to achieved different preferential orientations: random, <100>, <110> and <111> parallel to the bar axis. In spite of the differences in the grain size, it was found for <100>, <111> and random orientations that the mean hardness values on the transverse cross sections is not remarkably sensitive to the texture. On the other hand, a significantly different mean hardness value for the material having the <110> crystalline orientation was found. Regarding the yield strength, it was found for random, <100> and <111> orientations that the yield strength is proportional to the Taylor’s factor. The difference between experimental and predicted yield strength values for <110> orientation was attributed to the offset effect induced by the dislocation cell size. The variation of the cleavage fracture strength with the texture was analyzed in the basis of two criteria: one based on the Normal Stress Law (macroscopic nature), and the other based on the assumption that fracture occurs from the propagation of a microcrack-like defect (microscopic nature). In this sense, it was concluded from the fractographic evidences that random and <100> orientations follow a mechanism where the fracture kinks along of the cleavage plane from a penny shaped microcrack nucleated in a second phase particle, meanwhile in the <110> and <111> orientations the fracture propagation arises from a penny shaped defect on the cleavage plane. Finally, the lower shelf values determined for the conditions studied are the same regardless of the texture and microstructure. The effect of texture on the notch toughness was noted where plastic flow predominates, i.e., in the ductile to brittle transition temperature and in the upper shelf energy.
Highlights
IntroductionIt is well known that the mechanical properties of polycrystalline materials can be anisotropic.There are, basically, three factors that can contribute to the anisotropy: morphology and non-uniform distribution of second phase particles, alignment in the microstructure of second phase particles and the preferred crystallographic orientation or texture [1,2]
It is well known that the mechanical properties of polycrystalline materials can be anisotropic.There are, basically, three factors that can contribute to the anisotropy: morphology and non-uniform distribution of second phase particles, alignment in the microstructure of second phase particles and the preferred crystallographic orientation or texture [1,2]
It was concluded from the fractographic evidences that random and orientations follow a mechanism where the fracture kinks along of the cleavage plane from a penny shaped microcrack nucleated in a second phase particle, in the and orientations the fracture propagation arises from a penny shaped defect on the cleavage plane
Summary
It is well known that the mechanical properties of polycrystalline materials can be anisotropic.There are, basically, three factors that can contribute to the anisotropy: morphology and non-uniform distribution of second phase particles, alignment in the microstructure of second phase particles and the preferred crystallographic orientation or texture [1,2]. The effect of the texture on the ductile-to-brittle transition curve depends on the fracture type involved on each region of the curve: Cleavage in the lower shelf region. In this region, the effect of texture on the notch toughness is determined by the density and relative orientation regarding to the maximum principal stress of the (100) crystallographic planes since this plane is the cleavage plane [7,8,9,10,11]
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