The Influence of Temperature on the Capacity of Lithium Ion Batteries with Different Anodes

Shuaishuai Lv,Jiaqiao Zhang,Xingxing Wang,Wenfan Lu,Hongjun Ni

doi:10.3390/en15010060

Shuaishuai Lv, Jiaqiao Zhang + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/en15010060

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Journal: Energies	Publication Date: Dec 22, 2021
Citations: 23	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Nantong University

Abstract

Temperature is considered to be an important indicator that affects the capacity of a lithium ion batteries. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the relationship between the capacity and temperature of lithium ion batteries with different anodes. In this study, the single battery is used as the research object to simulate the temperature environment during the actual use of the power battery, and conduct a charge and discharge comparison test for lithium iron phosphate battery, lithium manganate battery and lithium cobalt oxide battery. In the test of capacity characteristics of lithium ion batteries of three different cathode materials at different temperatures, the optimal operating temperature range of the lithium ion battery is extracted from the discharge efficiencies obtained. According to the research results, the discharge capacity of a lithium ion battery can be approximated by a cubic polynomial of temperature. The optimal operating temperature of lithium ion battery is 20–50 °C within 1 s, as time increases, the direct current (DC) internal resistance of the battery increases and the slope becomes smaller. Between 1 s and 10 s, the DC internal resistance of the battery basically shows a linear relationship with time. In the charge and discharge process, when state of charge (SOC) 0% and SOC 100%, the internal resistance of the battery is the largest. The SOC has the greatest impact on the polarization internal resistance, and the smallest impact on the ohmic internal resistance.

Highlights

In the 21st century, energy and environment are fundamental issues for human survival and social development [1,2,3]
Through the comprehensive analysis of the above charts, it can be seen that regardless of whether the cathode material is lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate or lithium cobalt oxide, the discharge capacity of a lithium ion battery will decrease as the temperature decreases at low temperatures [25,26]
When the temperature is higher than 0 ◦ C, the discharge capacity of the lithium ion battery basically remains above 93.4%

Summary

Introduction

In the 21st century, energy and environment are fundamental issues for human survival and social development [1,2,3]. Due to the wide span of electric vehicles in geography, time and seasons, the operating temperature environment of lithium ion power batteries spans a wide range [6]. Changes in temperature directly affect the discharge performance and discharge capacity of a lithium ion battery [7]. The internal resistance of the battery increases, the electrochemical reaction speed slows down, the internal polarization resistance increases rapidly, and the discharge capacity and discharge platform decrease, which affects the battery power and energy output. Low temperature will cause the discharge capacity of a lithium ion battery to drop sharply. Temperature has the greatest impact on the charge and discharge performance of lithium ion batteries [10]

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