Abstract
Resistance to stem lodging depends on the year conditions. The agro-climatic factors of the north-east of the European territory of the Russian Federation are unstable in terms of precipitation and temperature. Most of all, oat lodges in wet years, which is associated with an increase in plant length. To study the main morphological characters, the linear parameters of the stem and the indices of resistance to lodging were measured. The distribution of varieties and lines by plant length allowed to analyze the stem morphological parameters for each group. The main contribution to the length of plants is made by the upper and second internodes. A smaller proportion is accounted for by the length of the lower internode. The dependence of the resistance to lodging was revealed with the panicle length. The thicknesses of the first and second internodes affected some elements of the productivity structure (panicle length, panicle mass, the mass of 1000 grains, etc.). The Galchenko index (JG) and the ratio of the stem length to the diameter of the second internode (Lc/d2) had higher values in varieties with higher resistance to lodging. Promising lines 325h12, 200h15, 196h15, 175h15, 175h15 and the Sapsan variety combined stem stability and yield.
Highlights
The value and stability of the yield are the main indicators that determine the relevance of variety use in production [1]
Indices and parameters of resistance to lodging were calculated according to the formulas: JG index (Galchenko index) = Lc/d1, where Lc is the length of the straw, d1 is the thickness of the straw in the first internode area [7]; l2/d2, where l2 is the length of the second internode, d2 is the diameter of the second internode [8], Lc/d2 – the ratio of the stem length to the diameter of the second internode [9]; the perspectivity index (JP) – the percentage ratio of the mass of 1000 grains to the length of the straw; the Mexican index (MJ) – the percentage ratio of the grain mass from the main panicle to the length of the straw [10], the Ruebenbauer-Riegerova index (S) [11]: ssss
Where l u.i is the length of the upper internode, l1 is the length of the first internode, l2 is the length of the second internode, d is the average diameter of the two lower internodes, Lc is the length of the stem
Summary
The value and stability of the yield are the main indicators that determine the relevance of variety use in production [1]. Its level is influenced by environmental factors and morphobiological features of the crop and variety, such as resistance to lodging, which largely depends on the plant length. Lodging is associated with insufficient development of the mechanical tissues of the central cylinder of the stem [4] and, to a greater extent, the upper internode [5]. The use of intervariety hybridization of oat in breeding in combination with individual selection of valuable genotypes can be effective, since the signs of the macrostructure and anatomical structure of the stem are controlled polygenically [4].
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