Abstract
The manufacturing technology for adhesive joints is not yet fully optimized, as proved by a large number of papers that have been published in recent years. Future studies on innovative techniques for fabricating adhesive joints should investigate the influence of parameters such as: (1) The shape of adhesive protrusion, (2) lap dimensions, and (3) cohesive layer reduction in the most efforted regions of the joint. With the application of additional mechanical connectors (e.g., rivets, screws, and welds) in adhesive joints, new hybrid connections can be fabricated. The number of publications in this new field is still relatively small. To fill the gap, this paper presents the results of a numerical analysis of different single lap geometries in (1) pure adhesive and (2) hybrid joints. A total of 13 different models with the same surface area of the adhesive layer were considered. In the case of hybrid joints, the adhesive surface before the application of mechanical connectors was assumed to be the same in every tested case. The numerical analysis of pure adhesive and hybrid joints revealed that the differences in strength led to a 30% decrease in the load capacity of these joints. Therefore, when designing pure adhesive and hybrid joints, special attention should be paid to the shape of the lap between the joined elements.
Highlights
IntroductionMechanical connections can be formed by welds [1], rivets [2,3], clinch joints [4,5,6], or bolts [7]
Mechanical connections can be formed by welds [1], rivets [2,3], clinch joints [4,5,6], or bolts [7].Their main disadvantage is a highly concentrated load transfer at fastener points
In light of the above, the present research will discuss the influence of the shape of the adherend lap with a constant area on the behavior of simple joints (SLJs) and hybrid joint (HJ) created with the application of rivets
Summary
Mechanical connections can be formed by welds [1], rivets [2,3], clinch joints [4,5,6], or bolts [7]. The strength, damage tolerance, and energy absorption capacity of HJs can be increased in many ways These include: Finding the optimal overlap size [23,30]; proper surface treatment of the adherend, e.g., [30]; the use of heterogeneous adhesives with silica particles [45] or different nano-reinforcements (graphene flakes or rubber particles); the application of non-flat interfaces or adherend curvature, e.g., [46,47], i.e., the generation of an additional compressive residual stresses to considerably increase load capacity (it is more difficult to achieve this geometry and widely use it in complex structural elements); the introduction of a compression to hybrid joints by the use of prestressed mechanical fasteners [8] in order to significantly increase their load capacity, as well as by designing new types of fasteners that allow for adjusting the down force; and, a proper fitting tolerance design for the rivets in HJ holes, which is a very important technological problem [16]. In light of the above, the present research will discuss the influence of the shape of the adherend lap with a constant area on the behavior of SLJs and HJs created with the application of rivets
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