Abstract
BackgroundTo investigate the influence of lateral bone augmentation procedures performed simultaneously with implant placement on peri-implant health or disease.Material and methodsA total of 232 patients showing the same type of a two-piece implant placed either simultaneously with lateral bone grafting using a bovine bone mineral and a native collagen membrane (n = 291 implants; test group) or at pristine bone sites without lateral bone grafting (n = 283 implants; control group) were enrolled in this cross-sectional analysis. Clinical outcomes (i.e., modified plaque index (mPI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and mucosal recession (MR)), and the frequency of peri-implant disease were evaluated after a mean follow-up period of 9.97 ± 6.55 years.ResultsNo differences were found between the patients in the test and control groups for any of the parameters investigated (i.e., mPI, BOP, PD, and MR). For the implants in both groups, PD values of 4–6 mm were more frequently noted in the upper jaw. A significant correlation between increased PD values and a larger implant diameter was noted for test implant sites. A KM of < 2 mm was associated with increased MR values in both groups. The prevalence of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis was 68% and 5% for the patients in the test group and 61% and 10% in the control group, respectively.ConclusionsSimultaneous lateral grafting was associated with peri-implant tissue health and stability.
Highlights
It is well documented that tooth extraction is followed by inevitable dimensional changes of the alveolar ridge, leading to reduced overall ridge volume and changes in the ridge shape [1]
Even though the results from a recent systematic review and meta-analysis have indicated that the changes in bleeding on probing (BOP) over time were minimal [n = 10 studies; WMD = − 10.02%; 95% CI (− 22.23, 2.21)], it was emphasized that the underlying evidence is weak
The sample in the control group consisted of 70 women and 51 men with 291 implants
Summary
It is well documented that tooth extraction is followed by inevitable dimensional changes of the alveolar ridge, leading to reduced overall ridge volume and changes in the ridge shape [1]. In clinical situations involving horizontal alveolar ridge deficiencies, lateral bone augmentation procedures have been shown to effectively increase bone width, rendering implant placement in a second-stage surgery feasible [2]. Procedures to regenerate the lateral alveolar ridge, when performed simultaneously with dental implant placement, have demonstrated a capacity to markedly reduce peri-implant bone defects, leading to a Ramanauskaite et al International Journal of Implant Dentistry (2020) 6:37 mean defect fill of 81.3% [3]. The potential influence of residual defects following lateral bone grafting has become a matter of concern, since it may be associated with an increased risk for peri-implant mucosal inflammation and subsequently progressive bone loss [4, 5]. To investigate the influence of lateral bone augmentation procedures performed simultaneously with implant placement on peri-implant health or disease
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