Abstract
The moisture status of seeds is usually high during the period of harvest and deterioration (loss of viability) starts to occur when seeds are stored for longer periods. In the present study, soybean seeds were evaluated using a standard germination test, in vitro germination, and for efficient multiple shoot induction, following storage under ambient conditions for 0, 3, 6 and 9 months. Results showed that seeds stored for more than 3 months had reduced moisture content and decreased germination percentages in LS677, LS678, Dundee, Peking, TGx1740-2F and TGx1835-10E of the tested genotypes. In particular, seeds stored for 9 months showed significantly poor seed viability and less than 50% overall seed germination (Dundee—42%, LS678—49%, TGx 1740-2F—44%, TGx 1835-10E—48%), except for LS677 and Peking, with 52 and 55%, respectively. The efficiency of multiple shoot induction also decreased with prolonged seed storage, with all genotypes recording an overall decline from about 96% to 40% regeneration efficiency within 9 months. The results obtained clearly indicated that high germination rates and efficient in vitro shoot induction depended largely on seed viability and storage duration, and significantly differed according to genotypes.
Highlights
Soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the most important sources of high-quality plant-based proteins and oils used worldwide for manufacturing of health and consumable products
The results on seed germination during the standard germination test demonstrated a decline based on seed storage duration
The results showed that high seed germination was observed mostly in freshly harvested seeds (0 months), and decreased as a result of prolonged seed storage (Figure 1A–D)
Summary
Soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the most important sources of high-quality plant-based proteins and oils used worldwide for manufacturing of health and consumable products. The development of powerful tools, such as in vitro plant tissue culture that is used in plant regeneration and genetic modification of crops and medicinal and ornamental plant species, have been tested. Techniques such as in vitro shoot regeneration using cotyledonary node explants for multiplication and the production of new transgenic lines have provided useful insights for successful plant breeding programs. Such protocols have been applied in the attempt to improve soybean growth under biotic and abiotic stress.
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