The Influence of Red Cabbage Extract Nanoencapsulated with Brassica Plasma Membrane Vesicles on the Gut Microbiome of Obese Volunteers.

Paula Garcia-Ibañez,Ana M Barceló,Carles Roses,Micaela Carvajal,Agatha Agudelo,Diego A Moreno,Blanca Viadel,Juan Antonio Nieto,Fermin I Milagro

doi:10.3390/foods10051038

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of the red cabbage extracts on the bioaccessibility of their isothiocyanates, and their effect on the intestinal microbiota using a dynamic model of human digestion treated with the gut microbiome of obese adults. The elicitation of red cabbage plants with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) duplicated the content of glucosinolates (GSLs) in the plant organs used for elaborating the encapsulated formula. The use of plasma membrane vesicles, according to a proper methodology and technology, showed a high retention of sulforaphane (SFN) and indol-3-carbinol (I3C) over the course of the 14-day digestion study. The microbiome was scarcely affected by the treatments in terms of microbiota composition or the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, but a 3 to 4-fold increase was observed in the production of butyric acid with the encapsulated extract treatment. Based on our pilot red cabbage extract study, the consumption of this extract, mainly encapsulated, may play a potential role in the management of obesity in adults.

Highlights

GSLs are stable in their natural matrix, but after tissue disruption, they are hydrolyzed by myrosinase (EC 3.2.1.147), resulting in the production of bioavailable and bioactive compounds, namely, isothiocyanates (ITCs) and indoles [6]
The present comprehensive study, from plant to food ingredient and health, evaluated the potential for the red cabbage encapsulated prototype enriched in GSL to improve its bioaccessibility for gastrointestinal absorption
This was conducted after evaluating its composition, and with improved stability of its ITCs by encapsulation with plant membrane vesicles

Summary

Introduction

Brassica vegetables stand out as dietary coadjutants, functional ingredient sources, or natural bioactive-rich foods, and their consumption may result in a healthier life or prevent some illnesses [1,2], including the modulation of inflammation in overweight and obese adults (a BMI ≥ 25 for overweight subjects, and a BMI of 29.9–34.9 for obese subjects) [3]. GSLs are stable in their natural matrix, but after tissue disruption, they are hydrolyzed by myrosinase (EC 3.2.1.147), resulting in the production of bioavailable and bioactive compounds, namely, isothiocyanates (ITCs) and indoles [6]. These have been classically studied as the compounds responsible for the effects on Phase II detoxification enzymes, which have anti-tumorigenic effects [7]. The bioactive compounds of the Brassica species have been associated with the modulation of the gastrointestinal microbiome [8,9]

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