The influence of Pure Land thought on Zhiyi’s 智顗 (538–598) religious practice and teachings perspective

Abstract

ABSTRACT Zhiyi was one of the greatest Chinese Buddhist masters of his time. Pure Land greatly influenced his thoughts during his lifetime. This article examines Pure Land thought’s influence on him from several perspectives. Firstly, Zhiyi’s annotations on Pure Land scriptures, such as the Foshuo Amituo jing 佛說阿彌陀經 [Skt. Amitābha Sūtra) and Guan Wulingshou jing 觀無量壽經 [Skt. Amitāyur Dhyāna Sūtra; Contemplation Sūtra], demonstrate his understanding of the teachings. Secondly, Zhiyi stressed the importance of incorporating Pure Land thought into Tiantai 天台 practice. Thirdly, Zhiyi included elements associated with the Western Pure Land in his meditation practice. Lastly, Zhiyi said in his dying statement that he wanted to be reborn in Amitābha’s Pure Land. In this wish, he expresses his conviction that the Pure Land teaching is the ultimate goal of a Buddhist. Therefore, it is evident that Zhiyi’s religious beliefs, meditation and final destination in life were profoundly influenced by Pure Land thought.