Abstract
<p style="text-align:justify">This research aimed at analyzing the influence of ‘Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning’ model assisted by realia media, in which it was to improve the scientific literacy and critical thinking skill of primary school students, especially for the material of energy. This quasi-experiment research used single factor independent groups design. The research sample of this research were fourth grade students of SD Inpres Oeba 2 Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara Province, of which students were in the academic year of 2019/2020. The technique of sample collection was carried out purposive sampling for 2 classes. The IVA class was used as the experimental class (POGIL model assisted by the realia media), in which it consisted of 30 students and the IVB class was used as the control class (expository learning) that consisted of 28 students. The learning was carried out in four meetings. The data of scientific literacy and the results test of critical thinking were collected by means of objective test on the energy material. Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was used to analyze the data using significance level of 0.05. The results indicate that (1) There is a significant difference between the students’ scientific literacy who gain the POGIL learning assisted by the realia media and the students’ scientific literacy who get the expository learning; and (2) There is a significant difference between the critical thinking of students who get POGIL learning assisted by realia media and the students who get the expository learning. It can be concluded that there is a significant difference between the scientific literacy and the students’ critical thinking taught by the POGIL learning that assisted by realia media to the students who use expository learning. Since there is a significant difference, it means that the POGIL learning assisted by realia media has an influence on the students' scientific literacy and critical thinking.</p>
Highlights
Science is considered as one of important subject matters in education which necessary to be taught from the lowest level of education, namely primary school (Braund & Reiss, 2019; Curran & Kitchin, 2019; Darling-Hammond et al, 2020; Faisal & Martin, 2019)
There is only one research which combines scientific literacy and critical thinking on the context of science learning in sixth grade in an urban public school (Vieira & Tenreiro-Vieira, 2016). In accordance to those background, this research aimed at analyzing the influence of Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL) model assisted by realia media to improve the scientific literacy and critical thinking of primary school students
The whole data summary of students’ scientific literacy and critical thinking for the experimental and control classes were elucidated on the Table 1
Summary
Science is considered as one of important subject matters in education which necessary to be taught from the lowest level of education, namely primary school (Braund & Reiss, 2019; Curran & Kitchin, 2019; Darling-Hammond et al, 2020; Faisal & Martin, 2019). Primary school is assumed as the beginning of education processes (Ferraz & Neves, 2017; Jacob & Rockoff, 2011) It is required a learning which able to prepare the students in gaining adequate understanding of science (known as scientific literacy) (Prasasti & Listiani, 2019; Rochman et al, 2019; Sujana et al, 2019; Vieira & Tenreiro-Vieira, 2016), and having skills to live in the 21st century (Husamah et al, 2018; Yayuk & Husamah, 2020), i.e. critical thinking (Florea & Hurjui, 2015; Kettler, 2014; Vieira & Tenreiro-Vieira, 2016). It encourages someone to solve the problems based on persuasive, logical, and rational arguments which involve of verification, evaluation, and choosing the right answers or even refusing through appropriate reasons and giving alternative solutions (Facione, 2011; Fitzgerald & Smith, 2016; Johnson, 2012; Storey, 2013)
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