Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the flexural strength of acrylic resin bars by varying the types of resin polymerization and reinforcement methods. Fourteen groups (N = 10) were created by the interaction of factors in study: type of resin (self-cured (SC) or heat-cured (HC)) and reinforcement method (industrialized glass fiber (Ind), unidirectional glass fiber (Uni), short glass fiber (Short), unidirectional and short glass fiber (Uni-Short), thermoplastic resin fiber (Tpl), and steel wire (SW)). Reinforced bars (25 × 2 × 2 mm) were tested in flexural strength (0.5 mm/min) and examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data (MPa) were submitted to factorial analysis, ANOVA, and Tukey and T-student tests (a = 5%) showing significant interaction (P = 0.008), for SC: Uni (241.71 ± 67.77)a, Uni-Short (221.05 ± 71.97)a, Ind (215.21 ± 46.59)ab, SW (190.51 ± 31.49)abc, Short (156.31 ± 28.76)bcd, Tpl (132.51 ± 20.21)cd, Control SC (101.47 ± 19.79)d and for HC: Ind (268.93 ± 105.65)a, Uni (215.14 ± 67.60)ab, Short (198.44 ± 95.27)abc, Uni-Short (189.56 ± 92.27)abc, Tpl (161.32 ± 62.51)cd, SW (106.69 ± 28.70)cd, and Control HC (93.39 ± 39.61)d. SEM analysis showed better fiber-resin interaction for HC. Nonimpregnated fibers, irrespective of their length, tend to improve fracture strength of acrylics.

Highlights

  • Heat- or self-polymerized acrylic resins are generally composed of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)

  • For the SP groups the control was similar to Thermoplastic resin (Tpl) and Short, and for the HP groups the control was similar to Steel wire (SW) and Tpl

  • For the SP groups the highest reinforcement effect was presented by Unidirectional glass fiber (Uni) but was similar to Uni-Short, SW, and Industrialized glass fiber (Ind)

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Summary

Introduction

Heat- or self-polymerized acrylic resins are generally composed of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). They are used for complete dentures, provisional restorations, or even aesthetic surgery corrections [1, 2]. PMMA has a relatively low flexural strength [3] and can undergo failure as a result of occlusal disharmonies, overload, fatigue, and impacts caused by accidents [4]. In order to strengthen PMMA, several methods have been proposed. The use of metal and fiber reinforcements produces beneficial results [5,6,7]. Metal wires can be placed inside polymers, but fibers have been demonstrated to be more effective [5]. Metal and glass fiber exhibit different mechanical properties

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