Abstract
Phage therapy is a great alternative to antibiotic drugs, but it can’t effectively overcome the over-acidic medium of the stomach. We offer the use of polyelectrolyte microcapsules as a protective means of bacteriophage. It is necessary to understand the influence of polyelectrolytes on bacteriophage survival. The work studied the effect of polyanions and polycations on the coliprotetic bacteriophage’s viability. We have shown that polyallylamine decreased bacteriophage’s viability during increasing polyelectrolyte concentration and polyarginine had a lower inhibitory effect (then PAH) on the activity of the bacteriophage due to polyelectrolyte concentration from 0.05 to 5 mg/mL. It was shown that the inhibition of the bacteriophage by polyallylamine had an electrostatic nature and the use of high ionic strength prevented the formation of the PAH-protein capsid complex. Polystyrene sulfonate does not affect bacteriophage viability during increasing polyelectrolyte concentration from 0.05 mg/mL to 1 mg/mL. Polystyrene sulfonate decreases the viability of bacteriophage from 5 mg/mL of polyelectrolyte concentration. Dextran sulfate inhibits bacteriophage activity at 20–30%. Dextran inhibits bacteriophage activity by 80% at diapason concentration from 0.05 to 5 mg/mL and loses the inhibition effect from a concentration of 5 mg/mL.
Highlights
Antibiotics are widely used in modern medicine and agriculture to prevent and reduce the increase in the incidence of bacterial infections
It was shown that the inhibition of the bacteriophage by polyallylamine had an electrostatic nature and the use of high ionic strength prevented the formation of the polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH)-protein capsid complex
Polyarginine has a lower inhibitory effect ( PAH) on the activity of the bacteriophage, and it may be related to the charged NH+ group of the polyelectrolyte located near an uncharged NH2 group, which sterically prevents the polyelectrolyte from binding to the capsid
Summary
Antibiotics are widely used in modern medicine and agriculture to prevent and reduce the increase in the incidence of bacterial infections. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States, the number of reported deaths due to antibiotic-resistant infections is 35,000 per year [2]. In this regard, the search for new methods of treatment, an alternative to antibiotic therapy is urgent [3]. The use of bacteriophages in medicine is based on their ability for highly specific affinity interactions with certain conservative surface structures of the corresponding bacterial cells. One of the ways to create this system is to encapsulate bacteriophages in polyelectrolyte microcapsules
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