Abstract
The influence of poly(acrylic acid), PAA molar mass and concentration on fracture toughness and toughness of glass polyalkenoate cements was investigated. Fracture toughness and toughness increased with both the molar mass of the PAA and its concentration. The fracture toughness and toughness increased dramatically with concentration for the highest molar mass PAA studied. However the increase in fracture toughness and toughness with PAA concentration was small for the lowest molar mass PAA. The influence of molar mass was greatest at the highest PAA concentration studied and least for the lowest PAA concentration. The toughness results were analysed with a reptation chain pull-out model. The greater dependance of toughness on PAA concentration for high molar mass cements can be explained by the critical molar mass for chain entanglements to form (M e) being concentration dependant and M e decreasing with increasing PAA concentration.
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