Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials have attracted significant research efforts because of their outstanding properties. Meanwhile the crystallization of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials can significantly influence the films quality. Here, we research the influence of the characteristics of PbI2 thin film on final perovskite films and the mechanisms of film formation based on the two-step sequential deposition method. We found that the characteristics of PbI2 thin film, such as the grain size, the grain shape, the surface roughness and the film densification, have significant effects on the final perovskite films due to different film crystallization process. According to the analysis on the characteristics of the perovskite films obtained from different PbI2precursor, we suggested that the formation of perovskite film begins from the PbI2 crystals expanding when they are converted to MAPbI3 perovskite by migration of MA+ cations from the grain boundaries.
Highlights
Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials have attracted substantial attention because of their excellent physical properties [1] [2] [3] [4] [5], which enable them to be employed in solar cells and other application, such as LED
We research the influence of the characteristics of PbI2 thin film on final perovskite films and the mechanisms of film formation based on the two-step sequential deposition method
Different with the case of spin coating PbI2 precursor, the characteristics of PbI2 film have an effect on both the grain size and the film surface roughness final perovskite films
Summary
Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials have attracted substantial attention because of their excellent physical properties [1] [2] [3] [4] [5], which enable them to be employed in solar cells and other application, such as LED. They exhibit long charge-carrier diffusion lengths (>1 mm) relative to the absorption depth of incident light (~100 nm), [8] [9] meaning that almost all photoexcited species in the perovskite are able to reach the interfaces from where the charges are transported through suitable hole- and electron-transporting layers to the electrodes Based on these excellent properties, the power conversion efficiencies of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells have increased from around 4% to a certified 22% in the last three years [1] [2] [3]. A lot of processing techniques of perovskite layers have been reported to obtain high-quality perovskite films so far, such as one-/two-step solution process, vacuum deposition, and solvent vapor/additive assisted crystal growth [12]-[18]. We research the influence of PbI2 film characteristics on the final perovskite films and its mechanisms based on the two-step sequential deposition method
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