Abstract
Increasing interest has been expressed in the application of the laser hybrid welding process by the metal industries producing thick sections because it possesses advantages compared with laser welding alone. One major benefit is that larger joint gaps can be accommodated. For the successful implementation of laser hybrid welding technology in high quality welds in industrial application, the parameters that influence the penetration depth, the welding speed and the bridgeability gap should be studied.The study is based on literature review of the results of a variety of publications carried out by several research groups. This review concentrates on specific cases: penetration, welding speed and bridging capabilities of the laser hybrid welding process. The large number of parameters enables the use of the process in various applications by adjusting the parameters case by case, which can be seen as an advantage. Thus, it has been noticed that the process distance plays an important role in achieving deeper penetration and synergy between the processes. The penetration depth is mainly affected by the laser power and the welding speed, whereas the bridgeability of the air gap is mostly influenced by the voltage and the wire feeding and travel speeds. This study provides a good foundation for future research and creates awareness among the metal industries to maximize their productivity and quality in the field of laser hybrid welding.http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.mech.17.3.511
Highlights
The hybrid welding process (Fig. 1) combines the laser beam and the conventional arc such that both heat sources are incident in a single weld pool [1]
The process distance of approximately 2 mm might exert the greatest effect on the formation of deeper penetration
The penetration depth increased with a decreasing process distance, but it again became almost equivalent to that of single YAG laser welding at the process distance of 0 and 10 mm, as shown in Fig. 4 [24]
Summary
The hybrid welding process (Fig. 1) combines the laser beam and the conventional arc such that both heat sources are incident in a single weld pool [1]. The main parameters significantly influencing the process result in this study can be grouped into design parameters (material thickness and gap geometry), combined process parameters (welding speed, process distance) and material parameters (type of material) In this description analysis, the effects of various welding parameters, such as the laser power, the arc current, the welding speed, the distance from the beam optical axis to the electrode wire target point (subsequently called process distance) and the focal point position, on weld penetration, the increase of welding speed and the gap bridging ability will be investigated. This paper analyses various other papers and takes into consideration the parameters that influence the penetration depth, welding speed and gap bridging capabilities
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