Abstract
<i>Helichrysum arenarium</i> (L.) Moench is a perennial of the Asteraceae family. The species is partially protected in Poland. Its inflorescence is a source of valuable herbal material. The amount of fresh and dry mass of inflorescences collected from plants growing in natural stands and those obtained from experimental plantations was analyzed. The plants growing in the plantation were obtained from <i>in vitro</i> cultures. Germination ability of achenes was also tested. The number of flowering shoots per plant, the number of plants per area unit as well as the fresh and dry mass of inflorescences depended significantly on the soil conditions and precipitation. Cultivation of <i>H. arenarium</i> gives a significantly higher fresh and dry mass of inflorescences per plant and a higher yield per area unit. The yield of herbal material from a plantation can vastly exceed that from the natural stands. Stratification of achenes prior to their germination resulted in an increase in the number of seedlings by 9.6%. Germination ability markedly decreased with time. Therefore, it is likely that the achenes form a transient seed bank. Achenes from plants obtained by <i>in vitro</i> method exhibited the lowest germination ability, so they should not be used as seed material.
Highlights
Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench is a perennial of the Asteraceae family
The number of flowering shoots, mass of the inflorescences per plant, the plant density and the yield varied with the geographical location and the origin of plants; see Tab. 2
Plants from natural stands produced less generative shoots compared to those grown in plantation
Summary
Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench is a perennial of the Asteraceae family. The species is partially protected in Poland. Its inflorescence (Inflorescentia Helichrysi = Flos Stoechados citrini) collected at the beginning of the blooming season is a source of valuable herbal material (Gawron - Gzella et al 2003; Ożarowski , 1983). H. arenarium grows in sunny places on sandy soils, in dry forests and thickets, along waysides and in abandoned fields (Rutkowski , 1998). Within the past few years, in many regions of Poland the cultivation of barren, sandy soils was stopped
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