Abstract
We focus on the anomalous Hall effects (AHEs) of Co/Ni multilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) by using Ta, Nb, and Cu as the buffer and top layer. An un-conventional AHE behavior was found in which the AH resistance exhibits two anti-symmetric peaks in the presence of a magnetic field. Moreover, Co/Ni multilayers with a Ta neighboring layer show reverse AH resistance compared to the Nb and Cu neighboring layers, except Ta bottom and Cu capping layers. The former can be explained by considering the influence of the external magnetic field on the interfacial spin orbit interaction due to spontaneous symmetry breaking at the ferromagnetic (FM)/FM layer interface. Furthermore, the reverse Co/Ni AHE with a Ta adjacent layer can be interpreted as the leakage spin current of proximity effects from Ta due to its larger spin–orbit coupling, and finally, taking the shunting action of the Cu layer into account, the Co/Ni AHE with Ta and Cu adjacent layers can also be explained. Our results provide a clear physics picture of the AHE in a two-dimensional nano-scaling FM/FM interface with PMA; in particular, this work shows that the non-magnetic adjacent layer with large spin–orbit coupling will play an important role in the understanding of AHE in two-dimensional FM multilayers.
Highlights
A solid, electrons acquire an additional contribution to their group velocity
Another explanation for the anomalous Hall effect by Smit5 that the influence of disorder scattering in imperfect crystals, Smit argued that the main source of the anomalous Hall effects (AHEs) currents was asymmetric scattering from impurities, which was caused by the spin–orbit interaction (SOI)
In the 3d bulk magnetic materials, due to the quenched orbital moments, the spontaneous magnetization mainly decided by the spin moment of itinerant electrons, and AHE is determined by the magnetization associated with spin orientation, as shown in formula (1)
Summary
A solid, electrons acquire an additional contribution to their group velocity. Another explanation for the anomalous Hall effect by Smit5 that the influence of disorder scattering in imperfect crystals, Smit argued that the main source of the AHE currents was asymmetric (skew) scattering from impurities, which was caused by the spin–orbit interaction (SOI).
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