The influence of music training on motoric inhibition in German preschool children

Abstract

The aim of our experiment was to investigate the effect of a music training program on motoric inhibition in German preschoolers. Studies have shown that in children, music lessons and inhibition are associated, and that music training might have the potential to improve inhibition. Improving executive functions is particularly useful in young children as they are highly relevant for success in school. We conducted an intervention study to investigate the potential impact of music training on motoric inhibition, establish causality, and demonstrate the usefulness of music training to enhance motoric inhibition. In particular, we compared the effects of two interventions, one involving music and the other sport, on motoric inhibition. In total, 25 preschoolers (15 girls, 10 boys) were randomly assigned to the two training programs. Preschoolers were trained three times per week for 20 minutes over a period of 14 weeks. Inhibition was assessed before and after the 14-week intervention period. We used the “statue” subtest of the NEPSY II, a developmental neuropsychological assessment for children, to measure inhibition. Analysis of variance with repeated measures revealed a significant interaction between intervention type (music vs. sport) and time (pre- vs. post-test). The music training, but not the sports training program, led to improved inhibition. Our findings suggest that a music training program can enhance inhibition in preschoolers.