Abstract
The results of study of the components of Monarda fistulosa L. essential oil under chemicals are shown. The experiment was made at the Central botanical garden of the National academy of sciences of the Republic of Belarus since 2011 till 2013. The research conditions involved using of nitrogen, phosphoric and potassium fertilizers on limed and nonlimed fields. Essential oil was determined in air-dry material with hydrodistillation method applying Ginsberg apparatus. The component composition of essential oil was investigated using chromatograph “Agilent Technologies 7820 A” with a flame ionization detector. Components those were important for quality of essential oil were studied in different stages of ontogenesis. Accumulation dynamics of γ-terpinen, p-cymene and linalool was depended on random factor. Accumulation of geraniol, 1.8-cineole, thymol and carvacrol was M-shaped curve under growth doses of mineral fertilizers. Ranked rows of the variants of fertilizer application on the basis of changes in mass fractions thymol, carvacrol, 1,8-cineole and geraniol were built. Analyzing of these data gives possible to grow Monarda fistulosa L. and to use its essential oil for pharmaceutical, food and perfumery-cosmetic industries.
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