Abstract
The aim of our research was to study the microclimate's influence on some clinical and physiological parameters of calves in the conditions of livestock complexes of the Republic of Dagestan. Research methods: veterinary, zootechnical, logical, systemic. The results of the study of calf pen microclimate parameters showed the range of fluctuations: temperature 6,5-22,5 0 C, humidity 74.2 -98.1%, air velocity 0.25- 0.40m/s, carbon dioxide concentration 0.4 -0.2% and ammonia 2-6 mg/m3. The study results of the clinical and physiological calves’ state showed changes in body temperature from 38.0 to 39.3 0C, pulse rate from 65 to 71 beats per minute, respiratory frequency movements from 22 to 26 per minute. The results of hematological studies has shown that the studied indicators had a range of fluctuations: hemoglobin 8.6 - 9.4 g%, erythrocytes 7.1-7,9, leukocytes 7.2-8.9 th./mm3. Conclusions. The study results of the calf pen microclimate showed that it complied with zoohygienic norms. The relative humidity and air velocity indicators exceeded the permissible zoohygienic standards. Indicators of calves’ physiological condition corresponded to the norms of a healthy animal. Hematological and biochemical blood indicators of calves were within the physiological norm.
Highlights
The study of climate and microclimate influence on the body and their importance in increasing productivity, resistance and in the etiology of animal diseases is a topical issue and is currently being studied with consideration of modern methods to optimize the animal breeding technology
The concentration of carbon dioxide, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide was determined in the calf pan air
The concentration of carbon dioxide and ammonia for the entire period of the study did not exceed the permissible standard of GOST
Summary
The study of climate and microclimate influence on the body and their importance in increasing productivity, resistance and in the etiology of animal diseases is a topical issue and is currently being studied with consideration of modern methods to optimize the animal breeding technology. Modern scientists note that the factors that cause high productivity of animals include the air environment condition of the premises. Many researchers eventually concluded that natural resistance and immunobiological reactivity vary depending on the keeping conditions, time of year and productivity level. The climate of Dagestan is characterized by hot dry summers with strong winds and moderate dry winters with noted presence of altitudinal zonation. The temperature of January is 0,4° C. Minimum temperatures in winter rarely fall below -20oC, but below -9oC — almost every year. When building livestock houses in the lowland zone of Dagestan, it is necessary to consider the features of the climate, high humidity of atmospheric air, its periodical dustiness and strong winds. The maintenance of animals in premises meeting the zoohygienic requirements allows to significantly reduce mortality and increase productivity [3]
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