Abstract

Understanding why there is a lack of women in prominent leadership roles is a pressing issue not yet fully understood in the academic literature. A large majority of Americans do not see gender differences in leadership attributes. Therefore, we dig deeper by asking if how individuals perceive their own leadership attributes compared to their perceptions of ideal leader attributes may play a role in affecting their self-efficacy and subsequently their motivation to lead. We use leader prototype congruence as a measure of the degree to which individuals perceive a match between their self-construals and their ideal leader construals, and test the relationship with three measures of leadership self-efficacy. We also test the mediation role of leadership self-efficacy in the relationship between leader prototype congruence and motivation to lead. Our hypotheses were mostly supported in a sample of 100 undergraduate and graduate students. Leader prototype congruence was positively related to three measures of leadership self-efficacy, two of these measures are also related to motivation to lead in a mediation model. We provide limitations, implications for practitioners and suggestions for future research.

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