Abstract
This paper studies the signal fluctuation due to the tide and internal waves in the Yellow Sea. The spread of internal waves appears to be the fluctuation of the thermocline in summer time. As a result, the characteristics of normal modes including their wave numbers and group velocities vary with this fluctuation. This leads to the signal fluctuations since the receiving signals are actually the interference results of arriving modes. The influence of internal waves on normal modes and signal fluctuation was examined in an experiment in the Yellow Sea in 1998. In the experiment, an ADCP and thermistor chain were used to observe the internal waves, while a vertical array with 32 hydrophones was used to receive CW and FM acoustic signals. The CW signals provided the measurement of amplitude fluctuation at several frequencies from 450 to 650 Hz. The FM signals were used to get the mode arriving structure by means of pulse compression and mode filtering technique. The variation of mode group delay between the 3800-Hz signal and the 450-650 Hz signal was also measured.
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