Abstract
Channel sedimentary reservoirs are the main oil and gas accumulation sites at home and abroad. With the deepening of oil and gas exploration, channel-related oil and gas reservoirs with obvious seismic characteristics have been mostly discovered, and the rest are basically oil and gas reservoirs with unobvious seismic characteristics and difficult to be discovered. The difficulty and risk of discovering these oil and gas reservoirs are on the increase. In order to reduce the exploration risk, it is necessary to form a more reliable time window control theory with a better seismic interpretation technique for channel reservoir reliability. In this paper, 2D forward modeling was used to study the influence of the upper and lower interference layers on the imaging of channel reservoir. When the lithological composition is relatively stable, the degree of interference of the interference layer is closely related to the seismic wavelet, and it is especially susceptible to the main frequency of the seismic wavelet. The lower the main frequency of seismic wavelet, the greater the degree of interference of interference layers on the imaging of channel reservoir, and vice versa. Further analysis on the characteristics of the Ricker wavelet was made and showed that the influence of the upper and lower interference layers on the imaging information of the channel reservoir is concentrated in half apparent major period. Then, considering the dynamic change of distance between the interference layers and the top and bottom interfaces of channel reservoir, the influence of interference layers on the imaging of channel reservoir was studied through 1D forward modeling. The interference area was divided into maximum interference area and main interference area depending on the degree of influence. On this basis, the time window control theory of channel reservoir prediction was clarified. The seismic information which reflects the channel reservoir reliably can be obtained by avoiding the maximum interference area, especially the main interference area.
Highlights
Channel sedimentary reservoirs are the main oil and gas accumulation sites at home and abroad [1]
The following conclusions were drawn based on the above research: (1) The upper and lower interference layers in the channel reservoir have an influence on the imaging of the channel reservoir
The interference area can be divided into maximum interference area and main interference area depending on the degree of influence
Summary
Channel sedimentary reservoirs are the main oil and gas accumulation sites at home and abroad [1]. Xu et al [4], Zhang et al [5], and Fan et al [6] used the interpretation technique based on the attributes of the waveform structure to identify river channels. With the continuous application of seismic attribute analysis technology in river channel interpretation and the increasing difficulty in the discovery of channel-related oil and gas reservoirs, it is gradually realized that, to improve the application of seismic attribute analysis techniques in channel interpretation, it is necessary to carefully study how to control the key link of analysis time window that restricts the accuracy of river channel interpretation. A time window control theory of channel interpretation, which is easy to generalize, was developed based on the construction of 2D channel model so as to promote the improvement of channel interpretation techniques in China
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