The influence of implant design and smoking to pH of peri‐implant crevicular fluid around one‐piece and two‐piece dental implants

Abstract

Background Although success rates of both one-piece and two-piece dental implants are high, the number of peri-implant pathologies are increasing. Smoking and design of dental implant are associated with peri-implant disease, but final evidences are still missing. Current diagnostic methods are often not sensitive enough to determine the activity of peri-implant tissue inflammation, therefore the investigation of pH of peri-implant crevicular fluid has been proposed as a new potential diagnostic method. Aim/Hypothesis To determine pH of PICF around healthy one-piece and two-piece implants and pH of GCF around healthy teeth in smokers and non-smokers. Material and Methods Thermo Fisher Scientificô Orionô 9863BN glass microelectrode was used to determine pH of PICF around 81 one-piece (ROOTT, TRATE AG), 62 two-piece dental implants (various manufacturers) and pH of GCF around 108 healthy teeth. Results In non-smokers group pH of PICF around two-piece implants was more acidic (P < 0.001). Average pH around one-piece implants was 6.46 and around two-piece implants 6.15. Mean pH of GCF was 6.64. In smokers group pH of PICF around two-piece dental implants was more acidic (P < 0.05). Average pH around one-piece implants was 5.85, while around two-piece implants 5.72. Mean pH of GCF was 5.92. pH was more acidic in smokers than in non-smokers (P < 0.001). Conclusion and Clinical Implications pH of PICF was more acidic in smokers and around two-piece dental implants than in non-smokers and around one-piece dental implants.