The influence of immunomodulators on the morpho biochemical status and development of calves in early postnatal ontogenesis

Abstract

The influence of early immunological stimulation on the dynamics of the morphobiochemical composition of blood and the increase in live weight in calves of the black-and-white Holstein breed was evaluated. For the experiment, 3 groups of young animals were formed at the age of 7 days, 10 calves in each. The first group of animals was injected with 500 UNITS of bovine recombinant interferon-a2b, the second group used denatured emulsified placenta (PDE) of 5 ml, the third group of calves served as a control, where saline solution was used. The treatments were performed twice with an interval of 7 days. Blood collection was carried out before injections, on 7 and 14 days after the start of the experiment. After a single admin istration of interferon, an increase in urea level was observed by 44.7% (P< 0.05), while the indicator was higher by 13.6...37.5% (P < 0.01) in relation to the group of calves treated with PDE. The activity of transaminases in the experimental groups did not have significant dynamics, when in control calves AST increased by 28.9% (P≤0.05), and ALT by 2.3...2.7 times (P≤0.05...0.01). The activity of alkaline phosphatase in calves treated with PDE and saline solution was stable, in the first group the indicator decreased by 16.2...17.6% (P≤0.05...0.01), which is less by 21.8% (P≤0.05) in relation to the group of calves treated with PDE and by 45.5% (P≤0.05) in relation to the control. In the first group of calves, there was a decrease in total (by 46.7%, P < 0.05) and free bilirubin (by 37.2%, P < 0.01). The total bilirubin decreased by 47.5% (P < 0.01) in the young animals injected with PDE, while the indicator increased slightly in the control group. Under the influence of interferon, BASC increased by 30.9% (P < 0.05) after the first injection and by 43.2% (P < 0.05) after the second injection. Double administration of PDE contributed to an increase in BASC by 42.0% (P≤0.05). LASC in the first group increased by 47.1% (P≤0.05), which is higher than the control animals by 19.0...38.9% (P≤0.05). In the third group, there was also an increase in WEASELS at the time of the last blood collection (by 40.0%, P<0.05), while in calves that were injected with PDE, the increase in the indicator was not significant. The increase in live weight in the first three months of life during the use of interferon was greater by 7.3 kg or 12.7% (P >< 0.05) compared to the control group and by 3.2 kg or 5.1% compared to the group treated with PDE.