The Influence of Hindu, Budhist, and Chinese Culture on the Shapes of Gebyog of the Javenese Traditional Houses

Joko Budiwiyanto ,Dharsono ,Sri Hastanto ,Titis Srimuda Pitana

doi:10.7176/ads/79-09

Abstract

Gebyog is a traditional Javanese house wall made of wood with a particular pattern. The shape of Javanese houses and gebyog develop over periods of culture and government until today. The shapes of gebyog are greatly influenced by various culture, such as Hindu, Buddhist, Islamic, and Chinese. The Hindu and Buddhist influences of are evident in the shapes of the ornaments and their meanings. The Chinese influence through Islamic culture developing in the archipelago is strong, mainly in terms of the gebyog patterns, wood construction techniques, ornaments, and coloring techniques. The nuance has been felt in the era of Majapahit, Demak, Mataram and at present. The use of ganja mayangkara in Javanese houses of the Majapahit era, the use of Chinese-style gunungan ornaments at the entrance to the Sunan Giri tomb, the saka guru construction technique of Demak mosque, the Kudusnese and Jeparanese gebyog motifs, and the shape of the gebyog patangaring of the house. Keywords: Hindu-Buddhist influence, Chinese influence, the shape of gebyog , Javanese house. DOI : 10.7176/ADS/79-09 Publication date: December 31 st 2019

Highlights

Gebyog, according to the Javanese-Indonesian Dictionary, is generally construed as a wooden wall
In the context of this study, gebyog is a wooden wall in a Javanese house with a particular pattern
The influence of Hinduism and Buddhism can be traced from the shape of Javanese houses found in the reliefs of temples in Central Java and East Java

Summary

Introduction

Gebyog, according to the Javanese-Indonesian Dictionary, is generally construed as a wooden wall. In the context of this study, gebyog is a wooden wall in a Javanese house with a particular pattern. The wall takes form of framed panels, shaping a pattern, with the middle part functioning as a door and both the right and left sides of the door are given additional panels. At the top of the door are given panels following the patterns of the panels below it considering the height of the roof of the house. Some of the wooden panels used as gebyog elements are carved with krawang (embroidery) technique and ordinary carving technique, and some others are plain without carving. Gebyog is termed skétêng, which refers to the word skat or space divider

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