Abstract
The objective of this research was to analyze the dynamics of productivity, quality composition and energy value of cow's milk obtained during three periods (3 years each) in central Ukraine by various technological housing variants. Over the last 20 years, there has been a global trend towards of increasing in the average annual temperature, which is especially felt in winter and affects to the cattle body, their productivity and the energy value of milk. To more effectively overcome the consequences of changing weather conditions, various continentally-achieved spatial composition and types of facility for livestock housing are used, the impact of which is not sufficiently studied. We analyzed the main weather indicators for the last decade in the central part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine (Kyiv region). The time period from 2011 to 2019 was conditionally divided into three periods (3 years each): I moderate, whose main weather indicators corresponded to the average long-term (30 years) values inherent in this natural and climatic zone; II (with a deviation of +0.6 °C from normal values) and III (with a deviation of +0.9 °C from normal values). During cubicle housing in low cost facilities was observed that productivity increased by 0.19 and 0.97 kg in II and III periods compared to I. During cubicle housing in facilities with insulation systems productivity gradually increased by 0.47 kg during II periods and by 0.92 kg during III periods. The most uniform productivity indicators were observed by housing on a deep litter among low cost facilities. Thus, productivity increased by 0.24 kg during II periods period, and in III period it increased by 0.47 kg compared to the I period. The dynamics of average daily productivity have a slightly more uniform by housing in capital facilities compared to low cost facilities. During tie housing productivity increased by 0.18 kg in II periods, and in III periods it increased by 0.32 kg. Productivity increased by 0.19 and 0.43 kg in reconstructed capital facilities during II and III periods.
Highlights
In the last decade, the trend towards global warming has continued, which is already significantly felt at the regional and local levels (WMO, 2017)
This research aimed to analyze the dynamics of productivity, quality composition, and energy value of cow's milk obtained during three periods (3 years each) in central Ukraine by various technological housing variants
Along with the genetic and phenotypic features of cattle breeding, weather conditions are important, the influence of which is directly related to housing and determines further productive, reproductive and bioenergetic characteristics of animals
Summary
The trend towards global warming has continued, which is already significantly felt at the regional and local levels (WMO, 2017). Seasonal shifts and changes in the frequency and intensity of weather indicators affect most economic phenomena in the agricultural sector (Nardone et al, 2010). Agricultural sectors such as crop production, animal husbandry, fisheries, aquaculture, and forestry are expected to account for approximately 26 % of all damage and losses related to climate and weather disasters (FAO, 2017). Much research on the impact of climate change on agricultural production has focused mainly on land use or crop yield rates (Dosio et al, 2016; Borshch et al, 2017)
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