Abstract
In the present work, the structure and composition of the surface layer formed during self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) of porous ternary carbide Ti3SiC2 from the initial mixture of powders 3Ti+1.15Si+2C in the surrounding gas atmosphere of different compositions were investigated. Using X-ray analysis, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive analysis, it was shown that a porous composite material, consisting of the main phases Ti3SiC2 and TiC, is synthesized under these conditions. During the synthesis in atmospheres of air and nitrogen, a film of 2-3 microns thickness consisting of TiO2 and TiN is formed on the surface of the porous material. During the SHS process in an inert argon atmosphere and in vacuum, this film is not formed. In nitrogen atmosphere, conglomerates of TiN particles are formed on the film as well.
Highlights
The development of porous ceramic materials have received much attention because they are widely used as filters for liquids and gases, bulk carriers of catalysts, bioimplants (Liu & Chen, 2014; Vityaz, et al, 2010; Ilyushenko, et al, 2010)
It is seen that the surface of the open pores is covered with a layer of film with thickness of 2-3 microns, and in both cases, as in the synthesis of the material in the open air, and in the sand filling, the surface film is formed of the same thickness and morphology
It is shown that under these conditions, a porous composite material consisting of the main phases of Ti3SiC2 and titanium carbide (TiC) is synthesized
Summary
The development of porous ceramic materials have received much attention because they are widely used as filters for liquids and gases, bulk carriers of catalysts, bioimplants (Liu & Chen, 2014; Vityaz, et al, 2010; Ilyushenko, et al, 2010). In contrast to the polymer and metal porous materials, they have high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility This allows them to be applied, for example, at high temperatures of filtering molten metals, filtering and catalytic afterburning of exhaust gases from diesel and gasoline engines (Emmela, et al, 2014; Kašpar, et al, 2003; Adler, 2005). The best properties of metals and ceramics are combined in the MAX-phases As metals, they are electrical and thermal conducting, are processed by cutting at room temperature, resist the propagation of cracks, are not sensitive to thermal shock, are ductile at high temperatures. They are electrical and thermal conducting, are processed by cutting at room temperature, resist the propagation of cracks, are not sensitive to thermal shock, are ductile at high temperatures As ceramics, they have low density, have high values of characteristics of elasticity, are characterized by high thermal stability and heat resistance. The MAX-phases can become the basis of new porous ceramic materials, reasonably tough and resistant to mechanical and thermal shocks, and bring the application of porous ceramic materials to a new level
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