Abstract
This research investigated the effect of Fe on the grain refinement of the recycled A 356 alloy refined by Al-5Ti-1B master alloy using macrostructure examination and chemical composition analysis. Results showed that as recycling number increased, the grain refining performance of Al-5Ti-1B master alloy decreased, particularly in the subsequence recycling process. The decreased concentration of titanium and boron were responsible for the degraded grain refining effect in the recycled A356 alloy. Appropriate concentration of the residual iron in recycled A356 provided the grain refining effect which can compensate the degraded grain refining performance of Al-5Ti-1B master alloy. It is suggested that adding the additional Al-5Ti-1B grain refiner and an intentionally added iron of 0.3 wt. % should be a practical alternative to maintain the grain refining efficiency of recycled A356 alloy.
 HIGHLIGHTS
 
 Significant concern of the recycling process of A356 alloy is the degradation of the grain refining performance of Al-5Ti-1B grain refiner
 The role of Fe on the grain refinement of Al-5Ti-1B grain refiner in the recycled A356 alloy is doubtful
 The concentration reduction of titanium and boron was responsible for the degradation of the grain refining efficiency
 Appropriate concentration of the residual Fe in recycled A356 alloy provides the grain refining effect
 Adding the additional Al-5Ti-1B grain refiner and an intentionally added Fe of 0.3 % wt is suggested to be a practical alternative to maintain the grain refining efficiency of recycled A356 alloy
 
 GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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