THE INFLUENCE OF EXERCISE TRAINING ON ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE, QT DISPERSION, CHOLESTEROL AND PHYSICAL EXERCISE CAPACITY IN PATIENCE AFTER CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT SURGERY

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the impact of exercise training on arterial blood pressure, QT dispersion, cholesterol and physical exercise capacity in patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Design and method: 143 patients after CABG were involved in the study. Patients were randomly divided into the exercise training group (TG: 107 patients) and non-training group (NTG: 36 patients). The patients performed the exercise test, after that the participants of TG were involved in the exercise training. According to the results of the exercise test, the TG of patients received certain degree of physical activity (gymnastic exercises, using the bicycle ergometer and walking). During the follow-up period, medication therapy was not changed. After the observed follow-up period of 21 days, the exercise test were performed, once again. Results: In TG of patients, after follow-up period, there was a significant reduction of QTd from 48.2 ± 15.9 to 42.1 ± 14.2 ms (p < 0.005) and QTdc from 50.5 ± 18.2 to 43.6 ± 15.7 ms (p < 0.005). Also, in the TG, we have found significant reduction of systolic blood pressure from 138.7 ± 13.9 to 129.2 ± 9.3 mmHg (p < 0.001), of diastolic blood pressure from 88.5 ± 8.4 to 83.6 ± 5.9 mmHg (p < 0.001), of heart rate from 77.3 ± 7.8 to 68.8 ± 6.9 beats/min (p < 0.001), of double product from 11546.7 ± 912.5 to 10227.6 ± 628.4 beat/min x mmHg (p < 0.001), of total cholesterol from 5.1 ± 1.6 to 4.7 ± 1.2 mmol/L (p < 0.025) and of LDL cholesterol from 3.1 ± 0.9 to 2.9 ± 0.6 mmol/L (p < 0.05). After three weeks, TG patients in the exercise test reached a significantly longer time (8.2 ± 1.9 v.s. 5.3 ± 1.4 min (p < 0.001). In contrast, the non-training group showed no significant changes. Conclusions: The study showed that exercise training led to significant reduction in blood pressure, heart rate, double product, cholesterol, as well as significantly improved physical exercise capacity, which has a beneficial effect on the prognosis in patients after CABG. Exercise training has favorable effects on QT dispersion in these patients.