Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the development of violations of uterine-placental blood flow depending on weight gain during pregnancy in women with arterial hypertension. Design and method: A prospective cohort examination of 110 pregnant women with arterial hypertension (including chronic and gestational arterial hypertension) and 80 women of the control group (practically healthy women without increasing blood pressure) was conducted. The study was conducted on the basis of perinatal centers of Astana (Kazakhstan) in 2018-2019. The weight gain for the period of pregnancy in women with hypertension and control groups was studied. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated and weight gain for the period of pregnancy in the studied groups. Results: One of the main causes of the development of complications during pregnancy by the fetus is a violation of uterine-placental blood circulation (UPC), which depends not only on blood pressure levels. Disorders of the UPC were detected in pregnant women with hypertension and control groups of 20% and 2.5%, respectively (p = 0.0003). In pregnant women with hypertension, the odds ratio of chances of the development of UPC disorders increased by 4.4 times compared to the pregnant woman of the control group. Excessive increase in body weight during pregnancy in pregnant women with hypertension was detected in 16% and in the control group 5% (p = 0.018). The relative probability of developing a violation of the UPC with an excessive increase in the weight of a pregnant woman with hypertension soared by 50%. In the control group of pregnant women with a normal pressure level, excess weight gain was detected in 6.3% and there were no violations of the UPC. Conclusions: According to the results of the study, in pregnant women with hypertension, violations of the UPC were significantly more common compared to the control group. The odds ratio of the chances of developing uterine-placental blood flow surges by 4.4 times in pregnant women with hypertension compared to pregnant women with a normal level of pressure. Excessive weight gain in pregnant women with hypertension increases the development of impaired UPC.
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