The Influence of Environmental Factors on Biological Parameters of Musca Domestica (Diptera: Muscidae)

Abstract

Influence of different temperatures (20-35°C) , moisture (relative humidities, 12, 52, 75 and 98%) and larval densities (100, 400, 600, and 1000) on the development time and mortality of the Musca domestica as well as impact of the survival rate, longevity, fecundity and fertility of adult M. domestica at temperatures (20-35°C) was studied. Present results indicated that the temperature was a great influence on mortality and development time of all immature and adult stages and the temperatures from 20 to 25°C have all the earmarks of being most appropriate for the egg, larva and pupa development.There was no significant overall mortality at 25°C under moisture levels of 52%, 75% and the development time of all immature and adult stages at a relative humidity (12% or 98%) significant increased and also, the mortality from egg to adult were significant increasing with increasing immature density. Larval density has a huge impact on the time required for the development of all immature stages and adult. The temperature was a great influence on the survival rate, longevity, number of eggs/female (fecundity) and fertility of the adult. So it can be concluded from this study that different temperature from 20 to 35°C induced a reduction in survival rate, longevity of adult, number of eggs/female (fecundity) and fertility. The data will be important for predicting dynamic of the fly population and geographical distribution that can assists in the development of anti-flystrategies. The results will be important to predict the fly’spopulation dynamics and geographical distribution, which would help develop the fly control strategies.