THE INFLUENCE OF ELEMENTS OF NUTRITION TECHNOLOGY ON YIELD INDICATORS

Abstract

Based on the analysis of literary sources, the beneficial properties of chickpeas, as a valuable niche crop, were studied. The key directions of increasing the chickpea productivity level are considered. The advantages are given and justified and the main disadvantages and problems of growing this crop in Ukraine are indicated. It has been established that over the past 2-3 years, chickpeas have become increasingly popular, and can move from a list of niche crops to mass ones. This is due to climate change and the long droughts observed during these years. Turkish pea is the most drought tolerant crop among legumes. It has a very powerful root system, allowing you to economically use moisture. This explains its distribution in hot and arid regions. On the basis of own researches the results of studying the influence of foliar fertilizing and pre-sowing treatment of seeds on the formation of grain yield of chickpea as well as indicators of net profit and level of profitability. Significant effects of the studied technology elements on the main indicators of economic efficiency; it is determined that the change in the level of productivity, led to change of indicators of economic efficiency. It is established that at cultivation of chickpea, the most suitable conditions for the growth and development of plants and yield formation of seeds are formed by the application of presowing treatment of seeds and foliar fertilizing at the phase of glovanni and in the budding phase, the yield in this variant, averaged over the 2016-2018 – 2,92 t/ha. Growth to control for this variation were, respectively, – 0,96 t/ha (32,8%). The lowest net income and the level of profitability was in the control variant and amounted to 9000 UAH and 87 %. The highest net income and the profitability obtained during the pre-sowing treatment of seed inoculum Biomag Chickpeas and twofold foliar feeding of micronutrients Crop Legumes and built 17850 UAH/ha and 157 %, or 70% more, respectively, to the control. The structure of costs for 1 ha shows that the greatest costs were for the following categories of expenses: seed – 34.9 per cent., protection – 21.5 per cent and fuel and lubricants amounted to 15.3 %. A significant proportion of the costs necessary for other costs which include all depreciation and cost of maintenance and repairs of non-current assets General-purpose and so on. In the process of presowing treatment of seeds of chickpea, and foliar nutrition are promising for increasing the level of grain yield of chickpea that affects the economic efficiency of growing of culture. Key words: chickpeas, crop cultivation technology, biological potential, pre-sowing seed treatment, productivity, increase.