Abstract
Equations are derived in two and three dimensions which relate the rising velocity of a large bubble in an inviscid liquid to its size and to the radius of curvature of its leading edge. Elliptical-cap and ovary ellipsoidal bubbles rise faster than the corresponding circular-cap and spherical-cap bubbles and this has been confirmed experimentally using “two-dimensional” air bubbles in water. Bubbles take up elliptical shapes if they enclose a surface (e.g. a rod) as they rise and the stability of bubbles under these conditions is considered.
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