Abstract
Respiratory system represents relatively large system of gradually branching channels which can be hardly solved by numerical simulations. Nowadays, research in this area is focused to solve problems in selected parts of respiratory tract rather than whole system. This simplification comes with problem of accurate assessment of boundary conditions on model geometry. Geometry used on Department of Thermomechanics and Environmental Engineering on Brno University of Technology consists of mouth cavity, larynx, trachea and bronchial tree up to seventh generation of branching. This article is focused on comparison of two different settings of boundary conditions steady inspiration during light activity regime. First set of boundary conditions represents commonly used setting with zero pressure resistance on outlet from the model and second method deals with more realistic assumption, where incomplete 3D geometry is coupled with the rest of bronchial tree described by 1D equations and also correlated by the amount of air, which flows in specific lung lobe. The article observed differences in individual mass flow through the model branches under different conditions and its influence on the flow structures.
Highlights
For the human being, breathing is vital process which secures intake of ambient air into alveolar part of the lungs where blood stream is oxygenated and carbon dioxide is discharged outside the human body
Way to provide more realistic boundary conditions is to couple the 3D solution with much easier 1D model of the downstream of bronchial tree, based on idealized geometry of the lung ([6,7] for example)
Geometry of the human upper airways containing the oral cavity assembled with a suction nozzle of cylindrical shape, larynx, trachea and bronchial tree up to the seventh generation of branching of conductive paths of bronchial tree was used for the model
Summary
For the human being, breathing is vital process which secures intake of ambient air into alveolar part of the lungs where blood stream is oxygenated and carbon dioxide is discharged outside the human body. Way to provide more realistic boundary conditions is to couple the 3D solution with much easier 1D model of the downstream of bronchial tree, based on idealized geometry of the lung ([6,7] for example). This method was developed by Fry et al [8] and nowadays evolved by Grandmont et al [9]. The Weibel model does not consider the segmentation of the lungs to the lung lobes which was taken into account during our research
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