Abstract
The purpose of the research was to study an influence of biofertilizers and new types of biological products for the yield and quality of vegetables in the South-East of Kazakhstan. In Kazakhstan, organic began to develop after the adoption of the Act On Organic farming in 2015. The development of green technologies is very important for the production of organic vegetable products in the country. The goal is the scientific provision of organic vegetable in Kazakhstan. Methods of research are classical, generally accepted in vegetable growing, agrichemistry and soil science. The studies on green agritechnologies in the vegetable of Kazakhstan are conducted for the first time, which determines their relevance and scientific novelty. The aim of the research was to study an influence of local organic fertilizers and new types of biofertilizers while growing the most popular vegetable crops (cabbage, cucumber, tomato) and replace chemical fertilizers by them in the condition of the South-East of Kazakhstan. Also, development of an alternative biological system for the fertilization of vegetable crops by using local organic fertilizers and biopreparations. It was experimented that all types of organic fertilizers and biopreparations ensure a sufficiently large yield of vegetables. It is noted that some organic fertilizers are more effective than mineral fertilizers. The bioorganic fertilizers positively influenced the quality of vegetables, so that the content of dry substances, sugars and vitamins increased in the production. The conclusion was made on the possibility of using local organic fertilizers and new biopreparations available to farmers of the country for growing organic vegetables. Depending on the types of organic fertilizers and biopreparations, the yield of cabbage increased by 15.2-47.2%, cucumber by 17.4-88.7% and tomato by 14.4-47.1%. Moreover, an improvement of the quality indicators of vegetables also showed in the crops.
Highlights
Special attention and huge financial resources are paid for the organic agriculture throughout the world
The most available and regulated in the field conditions elements of organic vegetable farming are: Resistant and tolerant to harmful organisms, natural varieties of vegetable crops; biological vegetable rotation; organic fertilizers; biological method of plant protection from pests; agritechnical method of weed control; seed dressing against diseases and pests by complex preparations instead of ground application of highly toxic pesticides; minimization of technological processes to reduce the mechanical load on the soil; progressive water saving technologies for preventing erosion of the fertile soil layer and improving the phytosanitary condition of vegetable plantations
In the organic vegetable farming, emphasis should first be put on the local conditions and resources
Summary
Special attention and huge financial resources are paid for the organic agriculture throughout the world. The world agriculture is purposefully moving towards to the organic farming. In the leading countries of Europe, the USA, Canada and Australia legal, managerial and technological systems of farming and marketing of organic products are operating and constantly improving (Lotter, 2003; Bruulsema, 2003; Kirchmann et al, 2007; Gosling and Shepherd, 2005; Paull and Lyons, 2008; Boyhan et al, 2009; Willer and Lernoud, 2016a; Willer et al, 2013; OFG, 2017; Willer and Lernoud, 2015; Ferreira et al, 2015; Willer and Lernoud 2016b; Paull and Hennig, 2016). In Europe, all countries without exception have an organic sector.
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