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Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effect of the concentration of basalt as a cement substitution material in mortar. Basalt was analysed by XRD and XRF. From the XRD results, the diffractogram shows the dominant phases, such as anorthite, augite, forsterite, and quartz or silicon oxide. SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 are the main components in basalt, as can be seen from the XRF. With the concentration at 5% of the basalt before the calcination, the optimum compressive strength of the OPC and PCC cement mortar was obtained. The highest compressive strength of the OPC cement mortar was 24.97MPa with a porosity of 2.4% and absorption of 1.29 %. Furthermore, the highest compressive strength of the PCC cement mortar was 22.55MPa with a porosity of 4.8% and absorption of 2.52 %. This result indicates that the substitution of composite cement with a basalt with a concentration of 5% can increase the compressive strength of the mortar.
Highlights
Indonesia is a country that has abundant metallic and non-metallic mineral resources
Sample characterization The crystallinity and phase of basalt stone were measured by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD: Panalytical Xpert 3 Powder XRD) with a Cu-Kα as a source of X-ray operating at 40 kV and 30 mA
The mortar with the basalt after the calcination showed a lower compressive strength than before the calcination. This is because high temperatures in pozzolan materials can affect the pore volume in the mixture so that the compressive strength decreases [15]
Summary
Indonesia is a country that has abundant metallic and non-metallic mineral resources. Abdelaziz et al, [8] used basalt powder and limestone in a mortar as a substitute of Portland cement and it exhibited the greatest compressive strength at a concentration of 12 %. Basalt powder can be used as a cement replacement material that is measured in accordance with specifications related to natural pozzolan based on ASTM C618 requirements, such as chemical components and physical properties [9]. Basalt powder before and after the calcination was used as a cement substitution material in a mortar. It was tested for compressive strength, porosity, and absorption after 28-days
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