Abstract
1. The influence of anticholinergic drugs (atropine, benactyzine, biperiden) on the efficacy of monopyridinium and bispyridinium oximes (HI-6, BI-6, obidoxime, pralidoxime, methoxime) on soman-induced supralethal poisoning was studied in mice. 2. While methoxime combined with benactyzine or biperiden seems to be more efficacious in the elimination of toxic effects of supralethal dose of soman than its combination with atropine, the efficacy of the other oximes studied against soman-induced toxic effects is not significantly influenced by the anticholinergic drug selection. 3. On the other hand, there are big differences in the effectiveness of oximes tested as to their ability to eliminate toxic effects of soman at supralethal doses. 4. The findings support the fact that the choice of acetylcholinesterase reactivator is more important than the anticholinergic drug selection for the effectiveness of antidotal mixture in the case of prophylactic administration of antidotes.
Highlights
Despite the entry into force in April 1997 of the Chemical Weapons Convention forbidding the development, production, stockpiling and use of chemical warfare agents, the world has seen a rapid proliferation of such agents [17]
While methoxime combined with benactyzine or biperiden seems to be more efficacious in the elimination of toxic effects of supralethal dose of soman than its combination with atropine, the efficacy of the other oximes studied against soman-induced toxic effects is not significantly influenced by the anticholinergic drug selection
The findings support the fact that the choice of acetylcholinesterase reactivator is more important than the anticholinergic drug selection for the effectivenes of antidotal mixture in the case of prophylactic administration of antidotes
Summary
Despite the entry into force in April 1997 of the Chemical Weapons Convention forbidding the development, production, stockpiling and use of chemical warfare agents, the world has seen a rapid proliferation of such agents [17]. The chemical warfare agents include different types of chemicals. Soman (O-pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate) is an extremely toxic, centrally and peripherally acting nerve agent, which produces ACh accumulation leading to severe respiratory distress, prolonged limbic seizure, generalized convulsions and subsequent neuropathology in the brain [15]. It appears to be one of the most resistant OPs to oxime reactivation because of rapid aging and the existence of a soman depot in the poisoned organisms [1,4,5,6]
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