Abstract
TNF-α is a pleiotropic cytokine that is considered as a primary modifier of inflammatory and immune reaction in response to various inflammatory diseases and tumour. We investigated levels of TNF-α in 43 radicular cysts and 15 odontogenic keratocysts, obtained from patients undergoing surgery, under local anaesthesia, and after aspiration of cystic fluid from non-ruptured cysts. TNF-α is elevated in both cysts' fluid, but higher values were found in radicular cysts in comparison to keratocysts. The significantly higher concentration of TNF-α was associated with smaller radicular cysts, higher protein concentration, higher presence of inflammatory cells in peri cystic tissues, and the degree of vascularisation and cysts wall thickness (Mann-Whitney U-test, p<0.05). No correlation was found based on these parameters in odontogenic keratocyst, but all cysts have detectable concentrations of TNF-α. We here for the first time present that a difference in the concentration of TNF-α exists between these two cystic types.
Highlights
Odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) are one of the commonest bone-destroying lesions of the maxillofacial skeleton
Significant higher concentrations of Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were found in radicular cysts (99.3+/-27.3 pg/ml of cystic fluid) in comparison to odontogenic keratocysts (29.2 +/-1.5 pg/ml, Mann Whitney U-test, p< 0.05)
Higher values of TNF-α were associated with smaller radicular cysts (Fig. 2a) while keratocysts (Fig. 2b) did not show any changes in relation to the cystic volume
Summary
Odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) are one of the commonest bone-destroying lesions of the maxillofacial skeleton. The aggressive behaviour and high recurrence rate of OKC suggests neoplastic potential and promted the World Health Organization Working Group to classify a OKC as a benign tumour with odontogenic epithelium [1, 3, 4, 23]. There are some controversies regarding the nature of the odontogenic keratocyst. The radicular cysts are a result of inflammatory processes in the periapical tissues associated with necrotic and infected pulps [24]. Humoral and cellular immune responses play a role in the pathogenesis of inflammation as well as in cancer. Based on pleiotropic effects of TNF, it is very interesting to compare data betwen these two types on lesions in the maxilofacial region
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