Abstract
In this article, the author examines the dependence of ethics on theistic foundations. The Western conception is that ethics is a result of a natural evolutionary process. The Modern West has never accepted or believed in any ethical system governed by religion, and modernity has tried to establish that the universal moral principles are independent of any metaphysical context. The modernity project and rising secularization have taken charge of the field, and religious significance has gone absent from the mainstream, on account of which many challenges have occurred in moral and ethical matters. We will also examine whether Modern Western Civilization has established an ethical code independent of religion and whether we should follow the Western Model, if any. Moreover, this article examines how ethics is a cause and consequence of the development of personality, and no ethical system is ever there without any religious foundations. Human beings are built on the essence of servitude, and virtues evolve from the foundation of servitude. Another area the article focuses on is the challenges faced by the Muslims and how Modern Western Civilization made morality appears as a result of social and psychological evolution. We also study the possibility and impossibility of Good without an omniscient and omnipotent authority. The absoluteness of moral principles and values and the necessity of consciousness are also discussed in this article.
Highlights
After metaphysics, the biggest challenge faced by religion today is in the domain of ethics
It did not even realize that if the ethical code does not become the dynamic basis of the social organization, it reduces into mere literary rhetoric, which is useless for a person pragmatically
The debate is not whether religion can be a source for Ethical code or not; instead, the debate challenges the inevitable contingency of morality on religion
Summary
The biggest challenge faced by religion today is in the domain of ethics. The condition has been worsened into such an obscene form that it has become nearly impossible for even an orthodox and sincere Muslim to claim moral equivalency with the Western Civilization on even Islam's ethical principles The climax of this crisis is that even the most pious adherents of religion are in an inferiority complex intellectually and morally, and there seems no way out of this crisis. The Muslims could not fathom the reason behind the manifestations of this intellectual and moral decline due to a distortion in the religious consciousness and disposition, and later, when they realized this fact, they did not have any substantial power to mitigate the situation Those who tried to fight the hegemony of modernity, their struggle was a merely kind of struggle-for-existence which went in vain. The debate is not whether religion can be a source for Ethical code or not; instead, the debate challenges the inevitable contingency of morality on religion.
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