The indices of the cardiovascular system in workers with different body weights in unfavourable working conditions

Abstract

Introduction. The cardiovascular system is an integral indicator of the body’s adaptive responses.
 Goal is a comparative analysis of the function of the cardiovascular system (CVS) in persons with different nutritional status, working on a rotational basis.
 Materials and methods. Two groups of healthy men were observed: those with normal nutritional status (NNS, n = 14) and those with increased body weight (IBW, n = 13). Working conditions were evaluated according to the degree of harmfulness and danger. The examination was carried out twice: before the start and after 2 months. after shift work. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate (HR) were measured. The Robinson index, endurance coefficient, vegetative Kerdo index, and circulatory efficiency coefficient were calculated.
 Results. Working conditions were characterized by work at night in an open area, irregularity of shifts, unregulated breaks for rest, the influence of noise and vibration. In the initial state, body weight in NNS individuals was 74.1±1.1 kg versus 91.8±2.7 kg (p=0.001) in IBW persons; HR – 60.0±2.3 versus 73.1±2.0 (p=0.001). After shift work, body weight decreased by 22.2% and 50.0% in persons in the comparison groups. Integral indicators indicated a more negative response of the cardiovascular system to working conditions in IBW people: less resistance to stress (eurance coefficient), lower performance (efficiency ratio of blood circulation), a higher level of hemodynamic load (Robinson index), in NNS people there were dominated by parasympathetic influences, 33.3% of IBW persons had sympathetic influences.
 Limitations. Healthy males working on a rotational basis, with a normal nutritional status and with overweight and obesity.
 Conclusion. Overweight and obesity negatively affect the cardiovascular system, reducing the functional reserves of the body. Under unfavourable working conditions, the changes are also more pronounced than in the group of people with a normal nutritional status.